@techreport{madnani2026scoring,
    author = {Nitin Madnani and Phoebe Mulcaire and Danwei Cai},
    title = {Scoring Writing \& Speaking on the Duolingo English Test},
    institution = {Duolingo},
    series = {Duolingo Research Report},
    number = {DRR-26-09},
    year = {2026},
    url = {https://go.duolingo.com/det-write-speak-scoring}
}